After negotiations with the Bolsheviks stall, the Alash Orda turn to the White Movement in Siberia. What they find are endless political factions, Cossacks, numerous battles with the Red Army, and a White Army coup.
Support the victims the Haitian Earthquake and Hurricane Ida
If you enjoyed this episode, please donate to our Patreon
References
Making Uzbekistan: Nation, Empire, and Revolution in the Early USSR by Adeeb Khalid
Central Asia: a New History from the Imperial Conquests to the Present by Adeeb Khalid
Kazakh Autonomy and Russia: the History of the Alash Movement by Dina A. Amanzholova
The “Russian” Civil Wars: 1916-1916 by Jonathan D. Smele
“The History of the Alash Party in the Context of the Impact on the Processes of Constitutional Acts” by Alima Auanasova, Erkesh Nurpeisov, Kamilla Auanassova, Ganizhamal Kushenova, and Nurlan Mukhlissov
Relationship of Alash-Orda and Provisional Siberian government. By VI Shishkin
About the Creation of the Alash State Аrmy by S. Akkuly
Caught Between Nationalism and Socialism the Kazakh Alash Orda Movement in Continuity by Yunus Emre Gurbuz